The Federal Constitutions had decreed that the power of administration be divided into 3 parts: Executive Authority, Judicial Authority and Bylaw Authority. This distribution of power is made on both Federal Government and State Government Level to fulfill the requirement of federal democracy, which forms the basis of the ruling government in this country.

EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY

Executive Authority is the administration authority, allocated under Subject 39 of the Malaysian Constitution to the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong, but it is managed by the Cabinet of Ministers, led by the Prime Minister. The Cabinet Ministers are directly responsible to the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong. Every executive action by the Federal Government is channeled from the Royal Authority, be it directly or vice versa. However, according to the principals of a Parliamentary Democracy ruling, the Prime Minister is the Executive Leader.

JUDICIAL AUTHORITY

Judicial Authority is held by the Higher Courts (which covers Federal Court, Special Court, Appeal Court, High Court of Malaya, High Court of Sabah and Sarawak); and Lower Courts (Session Court, Magistrate Court, Syariah Court, Juvenile Court, Chief Court and Inner State Court) as allocated by the federal law. Head Judge of the country is the Judicial Leader. The Federal Court has the authority to approve law written by the Parliament, or by Badan Perundangan Negeri.  

BYLAW AUTHORITY

The Bylaw Authority, the power to make the law on Federal Government level is placed in the Parliament, led by Yang di-Pertuan Agong and consisted of Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat. On State level, this authority is held by Badan Perundangan Negeri of each state, which is chosen every five years. Among the laws and allocations created by the Parliament include the functions of ministers, conventions with foreign countries, the rate of taxes and approval of the country’s budget.